First: overvoltage protection (OVP)

When the loop is damaged, such as the optocoupler is damaged or the TL431 voltage divider network is affected, the power adapter must stop working immediately and remain in this state until the user restarts the adapter.

Second: short circuit protection (SCP)

It must be able to withstand the continuous short circuit of the output without damage. When the fault disappears, the adapter must be able to recover from the protection mode and re provide the rated power.

Third: over temperature protection (OTP)

If the temperature of the power adapter exceeds a certain temperature value, the adapter is at risk of damage. In order to avoid this situation, it is necessary to use a thermal sensor to continuously monitor the temperature, and the adapter will continue to shut down when the temperature exceeds the limit set by the designer. When the user restarts the power supply and the temperature drops, the power adapter resets.

Fourth: over power protection (OPP)

For some power supplies, it is important that under the worst conditions - such as excessive current consumed by the load, the maximum output current is maintained in a controlled state without actual short circuit.